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松山大学入試問題(2011年度)　 2011/2/2

　Find a passion
　Are you excited to get up in the morning? People with a passion are, and they are energized about what they are doing. You need to live and breathe what it is that you want and ( 　　　　) passionately invested in both the journey and the goal.

設問
　1) (c) 　① that　　　② you　　③ be　　④ ×　　　答え：③
　英文中の空所に入る適語を選ぶ問題。You need toに続くから、動詞のbeを選ぶのが妥当だとは思うが、You need to be invested in both ….の意味がよく分からないのと、<人+ be invested in ～>の形はあるのだろうかと疑問に思う。人 + be involved inなら意味も形も分かるのですが…。


Greetings froｍ Mayor　2011/2/1
(大洲市のサイトを翻訳するお手伝いをしました。私は市長挨拶を担当しました。できる限り原文に忠実には訳しましたが、日本語独特の言い回しで訳す必要のないところは思い切って省いたり、意訳している部分もありますので、悪しからず。)

　大洲市長あいさつ
　元気で明るい安全なまちづくりを目指して
　一昨年９月１３日に行われました大洲市長選挙におきまして、市民の皆様の温かなご支援を賜り、初当選させていただきました。皆様方から寄せられた期待の大きさと責任の重さに身の引き締まる思いでいっぱいでございますが、今後４年間、全身全霊をもって大洲市のまちづくりに邁進するとともに、市民の皆様と良く意見交換をしつつ、市長の責務を全うする決意であります。どうぞよろしくお願いいたします。
　私はチャレンジ（挑戦）・コラボレーション（協働）・チェンジ（変革）という「３つの“C”のまちづくり」を信条として、次の世代の子どもたちの為にも、元気で明るい安全な大洲、誇りを持って生活できる大洲を目指したいと思います。特に特産品のブランド化や戦略作物の産地化など地場産業の活性化と、雇用の確保にも積極的に取り組み元気に働ける“まち”の創造と、地域医療・防災などすべてが安全安心のまちづくり、また、財政の健全化を含め行政改革を行い住民本意の市役所づくりについても意を注ぎたいと存じます。
　いずれにいたしましても、閉塞感の漂う昨今の地域経済の中で将来の希望に満ちた都市づくりを考えますとき、やるべき課題は山積しておりますが、関係機関をはじめ、議会の皆様方のご指導ご協力を得ながら、市民の皆様とともに「元気あるまちづくり」のために精魂をかたむけてまいります。
自然、文化、歴史など大洲にはまだまだ多くの可能性を秘めています。ぜひ、皆さんと一緒にその可能性を大きな魅力に変えていきたいと思いますので、今後一層のご理解とご支援のほど、心からお願い申し上げます。
　就任にあたり、所信の一端を申し述べまして、ごあいさつとさせていただきます。

（英語に訳すとこんな風になりました。）
　Aiming for building a vigorous and safe communities
　I’d like to extend a big thank-you to my fellow citizens for your wholehearted support in the last mayoral election. I stand here today humbled by the task before me, grateful for the trust you have bestowed. I pledge effort to devote body and soul to boosting the town development, exchanging ideas and opinions at grass-root level.
　My policy, based on 3C’s―Challenge, Collaboration and Change, is to realize the vigorous and safe city of Ozu, for the next generation as well, in which the citizens can live with pride.
　I work extra hard on the following public pledges: developing local products and their branding, ensuring job security, providing a lot of employment with promoting administrative reforms to achieve sound finance and implementing administrative structure focusing on local medical services and disaster prevention for the citizens.
　There are still many problems to solve in the sluggish regional economy stalled with no way out; however, I’m determined to create a society filled with bright future and hope no matter what. I dedicate my energies and time to vigorous local development.
　Ozu is the city full of the potential with pristine natural environment and both cultural and historic sites, which I believe will surely become attraction of the town. I appreciate your continuing support for our activities. Thank you very much.

Gallery Sale
　An artist asked the gallery owner if there had been any interest in her paintings that were on display.
"Well, I have good news and bad news," the owner responded.
"The good news is that a gentleman noticed your work and wondered if it would appreciate in value after your death. I told him it would and he bought all 10 of your paintings."
"That's wonderful," the artist exclaimed. "What's the bad news?"
"The gentleman was your doctor."
試訳：
　ある画家が、画廊のオーナーに、自分の作品に対する客からの反応を尋ねた。
　「ええ、良い知らせと悪い知らせがあります。」とオーナーは答えた。
　「良い方は、一人の紳士があなたの作品に目を留め、この作品は作者の死後価値が出るだろうかとお尋ねになりました。出ますともと申し上げたところ、その紳士はここにある10作品全部お買い上げになりました。」
　「まあ、素晴らしい。」とその画家は叫んだ。「で、悪い方は何?」
　「その紳士は、あなたの主治医だそうです。」

（これは、ある翻訳会社の「翻訳コンテスト」の課題です。初心者向けのジョークですが、細かい言葉遣いがチェックされるのでしょうね。試訳は、私が訳したもの。出だしの文がうまく訳せませんでした。）
Learning English with ER seasonⅥ 　　　　(12/1/2010)

Level 1(Basic)
　　Dictation　Listen and Fill-in-the-blank question
　　"We are giving you ( fluid ) through ( IV ) because you are not
　　drinking. That's why you woke up today."

　　"End-stage ( ovarian ) cancer."
　　"Let's intubate."
　　"She can't. She's a ( DNR )."

Level 2 (Intermediate)
　　Listening Comprehension　Listen and Summarize
　　 "So she’s not getting any better."
　　　 "No, I’m afraid not."
　　　 "You should’ve seen her two years ago. She was so beautiful,
　　alive and vibrant. She’s always laughing. I wish I could have it
　　 back. The time I missed with her. Traveling with work late at the
　　 office. All the weekends I was preparing for trial. When she was
　　 first diagnosed, I kept working. Do you believe that? Instead of
　　 spending time with her, I kept working."

　　Summary: The patient's husband regrets that he was working
　　　　　　　 even when his wife was declared cancer. He thinks
　　　　　　　　he should've put his family before his job.

level 3 (Advanced)
　　　Integrated Task Listen and Speak
　　　"We’re helping the airway open."
　　　"You resuscitated her. You deliberately violated a patient’s
　　　　wishes."
　　　" I did what I thought was best under the circumstances. Her
　　　　daughters weren't here and they need to say good-bye to
　　　　their mom."
　　　　 "That’s not your decision to make. We discussed this earlier.
　　　　I disagreed. I listened to your point of view. I told you exactly
　　　　 what I wanted done. If you can’t respect my authority, then
　　　　 you shouldn’t be working here. If she comes to again, I don’t
　　　　 want either of you to touch her. Is that clear?"
　　　
　　　Question: Do you think you should discontinue any
　　　　　　　 life-prolonging treatment for a DNR in any case?
　　　　　　　 State your opinion and the reasons.
TOEFL- iBT Speaking - Independent Task – Question 2(11/30)
　Here are some samples of "note-taking" for TOEFLiBT Speaking Section. These are not model answers, but just original samples, all of which I worte myself. I am glad I could be of anyhelp to you for your preparation for TOEFL.
(ここで紹介しているメモ例は、模範例ではありません。私個人のメモとそれを基にした原稿ですので、参考程度に活用してください。)

Question１：things learned from parents and friends vs things taught in school

Parents and friends

School

・lessons based on their real experiences, which are more useful for my social life
　⇒Be nice, honest,
　　responsible and diligent
　⇒things important to find
　 self-identity

・knowledge and information written in the textbooks
　⇒just for entrance
　　examinations
　⇒things to be learn by myself
　⇒things to memorize

Question２ : declaring oen's major before or after freshman year

Before the first semester

After the first semester

・most students have decided
　　what to study before entering
　　universities
　　　⇒they need not have time to
　　　 decide their major
　・they can start studying what
　　they are interested in soon
　　after entering　the university.
　　　⇒they can concentrate
　　　 themselves on specific field
　　　 of research and study
　    ⇒their study will be more
　　　 academic and professional

・one or two years of general education curriculum is a waste of time and energy. Students should focus their time and energy on the specific study and research, because university is the highest institution of learning to pursue professional education.
・students are busy with job hunting in their seniors, which means that they actually have no more than three years to study.

Question３ : living in a small city or a big city

A small city VS A big city

I don’t want to live in a big city. Due to the heavy traffic we daily suffer from noise and traffic congestion. High density of population brings about high cost of living; house rent, price of commodities and land price.

A small city has less traffic and less population, which assures calm and good environment. I would like to raise my children in such educational environment.
　A decade ago, a small city is thought to be inconvenient for shopping; however, thanks to the advent of the Internet we could order anything from on-line shopping anytime from daily necessities to big name brands.


都会の欠点
　交通量の多さ⇒騒音と渋滞
　人口の多さ　⇒生活費の高さ
　　例：家賃、土地代、日用品

田舎の長所
　静かでよい環境
　⇒子育てに最適
　
　インターネットの普及に伴い、　買い物の不便さも解消した。
　⇒ネット通販でいつでも、何で　　も買える

Terms for group of animals, birds and insects(11/10)
　Some may as well claim that Japanese is much more complicated language than English, indicating that there are a variety of specific ways to count things; hiki(匹) for animals, wa(羽) for birds, hon(本) for books and flowers, dai(台) for cars, ki(機) for airplanes, ryo(両) for trains and so on. It is true that you have only to give “number” to nouns you count in English. However, it is not fair unless another aspect of English is shown: so many different terms for groups of animals, birds and insects.
　You may know some of them: a herd of cattle, a flock of birds, a hive of bees, a pack of wolves, a school of fish. If you could name all of these, you well deserve praise. However,don’t be disappointed if there are so many other terms for groups of animals and birds of which you are unaware.
　Here are some of the others: a colony of bats, a pod of birds or dolphins, a murder of crows, an array of eels, a shrewdness of apes, a slither of snakes, a pride of lions, a gam of whales.
　It is fair now to decide which is the more complicated language, Japanese or English.

TOEFL(6/6)
　There are several types of tests for English proficiency. Eiken is Japan’s most widely used English-language testing program. It is a system of certificated proficiency tests introduced for various disciplines as a way to further motivate the nation’s learners. It boasts more than 2 million examinees each year at 18,000 locations in Japan and 45 other countries.
　TOEIC is mainly for business people who are supposed to use English in their work or work abroad. This test is created by a U.S. nonprofit test development institution as an effective way to raise the motivation to study, and as an opportunity to check the English skill levels of their workers and students. The number of test takers totals around 5 million every year, in some countries around the world.
　As for TOEFL, it boasts integrated test. Our English proficiency is not estimated just by one skill; we need to write down what we listen and then speak what we learned. TOEFL requires these integrated skills of English, which is truly available for a real occasion in our daily life.
　Consequently I've come to think that preparing for TOEFL is the most effective way to improve comprehensive English skills though the test is originally designed for those who want to study at institutions including colleges and universities in the U.S., Canada, U.K., Australia and New Zealand. I am going to develop the teaching method for TOEFL in my lesson.

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